Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU)
Also known as the Shanghai Ranking, ARWU ranks universities based on Nobel/Fields Medal winners, highly cited researchers, Nature/Science publications, and per-capita performance.
The Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU), commonly called the Shanghai Ranking, was first published in 2003 by Shanghai Jiao Tong University. It uses six objective indicators including alumni and staff winning Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals, highly cited researchers, papers in Nature and Science, and per-capita academic performance. ARWU is considered the most research-focused of the three major rankings and is particularly respected for its methodological transparency.
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